The World via the 1930's
Timeline
These are just a few random, significant, and interesting facts activities that were happening in the World in 1929 through 1939. Those were the years the book To Kill A Mockingbird approximately took place in.
1929
~ A total of over 200,000 people died from the Influenza Epidemic.
~ The Dow reached a peak of 381.17 on September 3rd, prior to the Wall Street crash in October.
~The United States and Canada signed an agreement to protect Niagara Falls.
~The US Population reached 120 million.
~Vatican City gained independence from Italy and is created it's own state.
~Charles Lindberg left on a 3,500-mile flight from Detroit, Michigan to Cape Horn, South America.
1930
~The "planet" Pluto was discovered.
1931
~"Christ the Redeemer" monument completed in Rio de Janiero, Brazil.
~Construction of the Empire State Building was completed.
~The Scottsboro trial began after 8 African-American boys in Alabama were accused of raping 2 young, Caucasian women.
~The United States gained full rights to the National Anthem.
1932
~ Amelia Earhart first woman to fly solo across the Atlantic
~Charles A. Lindbergh Jr. kidnapping
~Scientists split the atom
1933
~Adolf Hitler becomes Chancellor of Germany
~First Nazi Concentration Camp, Buchenwald, was established.
~First sighting of the Loch Ness Monster (Nessy)
~End of prohibition in the United States.
1934
~Cheeseburger created
~Major Kansas drought, "The Dust Bowl", caused major hits to Kansas production and agriculture.
~Parker Brothers sell the game "Monopoly"
1935
~Germany issues the Anti-Jewish Nuremberg Laws
~John Maynard Keynes suggested New Economic Theory
~Social Security system is established in the U.S.
1936
~Hoover Dam Completed
~"Nazi Olympics" in Berlin
1937
~Amelia Earhart vanishes
~Golden Gate Bridge opened
~The Hindenburg Disaster
1938
~Broadcast of "The War of the Worlds" causes mass panic.
~Hitler annexes Austria
~The Night of Broken Glass (Kristallnacht)
1939
~First Commercial flight over the Atlantic
~German-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact signed
~Helicopter invented
~World War II begins
These are just a few random, significant, and interesting facts activities that were happening in the World in 1929 through 1939. Those were the years the book To Kill A Mockingbird approximately took place in.
1929
~ A total of over 200,000 people died from the Influenza Epidemic.
~ The Dow reached a peak of 381.17 on September 3rd, prior to the Wall Street crash in October.
~The United States and Canada signed an agreement to protect Niagara Falls.
~The US Population reached 120 million.
~Vatican City gained independence from Italy and is created it's own state.
~Charles Lindberg left on a 3,500-mile flight from Detroit, Michigan to Cape Horn, South America.
1930
~The "planet" Pluto was discovered.
1931
~"Christ the Redeemer" monument completed in Rio de Janiero, Brazil.
~Construction of the Empire State Building was completed.
~The Scottsboro trial began after 8 African-American boys in Alabama were accused of raping 2 young, Caucasian women.
~The United States gained full rights to the National Anthem.
1932
~ Amelia Earhart first woman to fly solo across the Atlantic
~Charles A. Lindbergh Jr. kidnapping
~Scientists split the atom
1933
~Adolf Hitler becomes Chancellor of Germany
~First Nazi Concentration Camp, Buchenwald, was established.
~First sighting of the Loch Ness Monster (Nessy)
~End of prohibition in the United States.
1934
~Cheeseburger created
~Major Kansas drought, "The Dust Bowl", caused major hits to Kansas production and agriculture.
~Parker Brothers sell the game "Monopoly"
1935
~Germany issues the Anti-Jewish Nuremberg Laws
~John Maynard Keynes suggested New Economic Theory
~Social Security system is established in the U.S.
1936
~Hoover Dam Completed
~"Nazi Olympics" in Berlin
1937
~Amelia Earhart vanishes
~Golden Gate Bridge opened
~The Hindenburg Disaster
1938
~Broadcast of "The War of the Worlds" causes mass panic.
~Hitler annexes Austria
~The Night of Broken Glass (Kristallnacht)
1939
~First Commercial flight over the Atlantic
~German-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact signed
~Helicopter invented
~World War II begins
The Jim Crow Laws
The Jim Crow laws were statutes enacted by Southern states in the 1880's and '90s, that legalized segregation between African Americans and whites. The Supreme Court ruling in 1896 in the Plessy vs. Ferguson trial legalized separate facilities for whites and blacks. Streetcars, public waiting rooms, restaurants, boardinghouses, theaters, and public parks were segregated; and separate schools, hospitals, and other public institutions, of much less quality, were designated for blacks. By World War I, even places of employment were segregated, and it wasn't until after World War II that an assault on Jim Crow in the South began to make headway. In 1950 the Supreme Court ruled that the University of Texas must admit an African American man, Herman Sweatt, to the law school, on the grounds that the state did not provide equal education for him. This was followed in 1954 by the Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas, declaring separate facilities by race to be unconstitutional. African Americans in the South used legal proceedings mass sit-ins, and boycotts to quicken desegregation. A march on Washington by over 200,000 in 1963 dramatized the movement to end the Jim Crow Laws. Southern whites responded with violence, and federal troops were needed to preserve order and protect the African Americans. A few of these instances specifically occurred in Little Rock, Arkansas in 1957, Oxford, Mississippi in 1962, and Selma, Alabama in 1965. The Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Voting Rights Act of 1965, and the Fair Housing Act of 1968 finally ended all enforcement of the Jim Crow Laws.
The Scottsboro Boys Trial
In 1931, nine young African American boys were indicted at Scottsboro, Alabama, on charges of the rape of two white women in a freight train car passing through Alabama. In a series of trials, the boys were found guilty and sentenced to either death by electrocution or grossly exaggerated prison sentences in excess of 95 years. In the first trial, U.S. Supreme Court reversed charges on the grounds that that the boys' right to a lawyer had been infringed and that no African Americans had served on the jury.
At the second trial, one of the women, Ruby Bates, withdrew her previous testimony. The Alabama trial judge set aside the guilty verdict, contrary to the weight of the evidence and ordered a new trial. In 1937, charges against five of the boys were dropped and the state agreed to consider parole for the other three. Two were paroled in 1944, one in 1951. When the fourth escaped in 1948 to Michigan, the state refused to return him to Alabama. In 1976, Alabama pardoned Clarence Norris, who had broken parole and fled the state in 1946.
The belief that the case against the "Scottsboro boys" was unproved and that the verdicts were the result of racism caused many people in the 1930's to come to the defense of the boys.
At the second trial, one of the women, Ruby Bates, withdrew her previous testimony. The Alabama trial judge set aside the guilty verdict, contrary to the weight of the evidence and ordered a new trial. In 1937, charges against five of the boys were dropped and the state agreed to consider parole for the other three. Two were paroled in 1944, one in 1951. When the fourth escaped in 1948 to Michigan, the state refused to return him to Alabama. In 1976, Alabama pardoned Clarence Norris, who had broken parole and fled the state in 1946.
The belief that the case against the "Scottsboro boys" was unproved and that the verdicts were the result of racism caused many people in the 1930's to come to the defense of the boys.